Several Topics(Psychology 101) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Several Topics(Psychology 101) - Essay Example gibe to social- take uping theories, people learn by merely observing what others do and what happens to them. Cognitive theories emphasize cognitive processes such as thought process and judging and are guided by cognitions (e.g. expectations) about the world, especi all(prenominal)y those about other people. Trait theorists contract that traits are relatively stable over time, differ among individuals and they influence behavior. Hence personality theories focus on different key elements to explain the relationship between personality and other psychological constructs.A2.Sigmund Freud spent about of his life developing the theory of personality to describe how the human psyche or mind operates. According to his theory, human psyche is composed of parts that are conscious, preconscious, and unconscious the conscious part of the psyche consists of all the thoughts that currently occupy our mind, the preconscious part of the psyche co nsists of the thoughts, memories, and knowledge that we are non currently aware of, just that are available to us as memories and knowledge and the unconscious part of our psyche holds thoughts, memories, impulses that we are not aware of. Freud also posited that the psyche is composed of three structures the id, ego, and superego which interact and wrestle with each other for pronouncement and results in the whole of each humans behavior. The id is driven by primitive animal instincts and seeks to maximise pleasure and minimize any discomfort. However, it does not care about what is practical, safe, or moral. The ego refers to ones sense of self and functions check to the reality principle because its job is to gratify the id in accord with reality. The superego operates according to the morality principle in that it seeks what is good and moral above all else. The ego aims to gratify the ids primitive needs within the constraints of reality and within the moral